Collection of Poems by Various Authors Essay -- Edgar Allen Poe Langst

Collection of Poems by Various AuthorsPoet Biography, Edgar Allan PoeThe Raven by Edgar Allan PoeMamie by Carl SandburgExplication, Mamie by Carl SandburgTwo Strangers Breakfast by Carl SandburgMag by Carl SandburgExplications of Two Strangers Breakfast and Mag by Carl SandburgReasons Why by Langston HughesExplication of Reasons Why by Langston HughesThe Faces of Our Youth by Franklin Delano RooseveltEnjoyment, Explication, The Faces of Our Youth by Franklin Delano RooseveltAnnabel leeward by Edgar Allan PoeExplication Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan Poe Works CitedPoet BiographyEdgar Allan PoeEdgar Allan Poe is wiz of the best-known American poets. His most famous poem is The Raven, a copy of which is included. His first poetry book, Tamerlane and Other Poems is so rare that it sells for two hundred thousand dollars per copy. Poe was also a mystery writer and he is often called the father of mysteries. Overall, Poe has greatly influenced American culture. Edgar Allan Poe was born on Jan uary 19, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts. His mother, an actress named Elizabeth Arnold Poe, died in 1811 when Edgar Allan Poe was two. Because of this, he was put up for adoption. He was taken into the home of John Allan, who was a tobacco merchant.Poe attended grade school in England and Richmond, Virginia. He attended the University of Virginia for one year. He had to leave because his stepfather refused to pay tuition. Poes stepfather did, however, send Poe a little but of money every month. With that money, Poe was able to get going comfortably and still have time for his writing. In 1832, after publishing three poetry books, the Philadelphia Saturday Courier printed five of his prose tales. On May 16, 1836, Poe married his jr. cousin, Virginia Clemm. On January 30, 1847, she died. This death caused Poe much sorrow and he became an alcoholic. About three short years later, Poe was found dead on October 7, 1849. The conditions of his death are mysterious. afterward a visit to N orfolk, Virginia, and Richmond, Virginia, Poe was found unconscious and taken to a hospital, where he dies the following Sunday. Poe is buried in the Westminister Presbyterian Church in Baltimore, Maryland.The RavenBy Edgar Allan Poe one time upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,Over many a q... ...s enjoyr is dead, he still loves her and will never stop loving her. I think that this is saying that two people who are truly in love cannot ever fall out of love. Even death cannot make their love go away. To me, this poem is an example of what everyone wants someday, true love. This poem has been my favorite poem ever since I first read it. I like how when you read it out loud it has a great rhythm to it and sounds very sing-songy. I believe that this is a wonderful poem with a meaningful message and I hope that one day I can experience this type of love for someone. Works CitedCanfield, Jack, and Mark Victor Hansen, and Kimberly Kirberger, eds. Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul III. Deerfield Beach, Florida Health Communications, Inc., 2000.Haskins, jam S. Always Movin On. New York Franklin Watts, 1976.Hendrick, George, and Hendrick, Willene, eds. Carl Sandburg, Selected Poems. New York Harcourt Brace and Company, 1996.Washington, Peter, eds. Poe Poems and Prose. New York Everymans Library Pocket Poets, 1995.Wilson, James Southwall. A Summary of Facts Known About Poe. Edgar Allan Poe Museum 30 Movember 2000, .

A Very Brief History on the Existence of God Essay -- Philosophy, Des

The subsequent study will provide a brief overview on the cosmos of divinity fudge from Ren Descartes done Immanuel Kant. First, section (1), examines Descartes proof for the existence of God. Section (2), explores G.W. Leibnizs view on Gods existence in addition to his attempts to rectify the shortcomings of Descartes proofs. The remainder of the essay then examines two additional philosophers, David Hume in section (4) and Immanuel Kant in (5), who contend that Gods existence cannot be rationally proven.(1)As a earnest Catholic, Descartes undeniably meand in God. He makes his faith clear in the letter of dedication preceding Meditations on First Philosophy. Here, Descartes writes that we must believe in Gods existence because it is taught in the Holy Scriptures, and, conversely, that we must believe in the Holy Scriptures because they have come from God (Descartes, 1). Nevertheless, in the beginning of the Meditations, Descartes casts doubt on everything -including religion- in his search for absolute certainty. In the Third Meditation, he doubts the existence of God before providing his first rationalistic proof for the existence of God. In oblation the proof, he first questions whether there is a God (25). However, even though he questions Gods very existence, Descartes maintains his essential idea of God. After some(prenominal) deliberation, he concludes that because he has an innate idea of God, (which is not fabricated by the mind or drawn from the senses), it must be God who endowed him with his innate idea. Descartes likens his innate idea of God to the mark of a craftsmen impressed upon his work similar to a stamp which says Made by God. Additionally, Descartes reasons that because he exists as a thinking thing and ... ...od to exist. As the above has illustrated, both Descartes and Leibniz believed that the existence of God could be proved via reason. But, Hume and Kant, which will be subsequently covered, did not believe argumentation or reason could establish the existence of God(3)David Hume attacks both Descartes and Leibnizs methodology for establishing the existence of God in the following there is an obvious absurdity in pretending to demonstrate a matter of fact, or to prove it by any arguments a priori. Nothing is demonstrable, unless the contrary implies a contradiction. Nothing, that is understandably conceivable, implies a contradiction. Whatever we conceive as existent, we can also conceive as non-existent. There is no being, therefore, whose non-existence implies a contradiction. Consequently there is no being, whose existence is demonstrable (Bailey, 79).

Drugs Essay -- essays research papers

The United States is by far the richest and most powerful country in the world. We citizens take for granted luxuries that people of other countries fuck only dream. Yet in our society there ar serious social issues that for reasons unknown are not being spread overed. One of the most outstanding issues that typical politicians are afraid to address is that of what to do with the nations illegal dose problems. Although we hear terms like "The War on do drugss" and "Drug Treatment", a fresh approach to this issue is needs to come soon.      The country should take a new look at drug legalisation as a solution to a problem that has been long out of control. Addiction and drug abuse are such buzzwords these days that a illumination is needed of what is meant by these terms. Addiction has crossed the line from being delimit as a physical dep endency on drugs to include such classifications as religious addiction, shopping addiction, food addict ion, work addiction, television addiction, and love addiction. Although a person may feel that he or she cant brave without their particular "addiction", there is no scientific proof or medical test for an addict. To keep things in the broadest perspective, addiction will be defined here as the continual repetition of a norm altogethery non-problematic behavior to self-destructive access.      Since addiction is believed to be a social problem then an blast at cutting off the source of addiction, drugs in this case, is thought to cure the problem. If that be the case then gambling and food abusers should be treated the identical as addicts. Since drug legalization is the topic of this es pronounce let us focus on alternatives to the "War on Drugs". One possibility for controlling drug abuse is to legalize illegal drugs. In the 1920s alcohol was made illegal by the eighteenth amendment, better known as prohibition. From it stemmed all sort of cr ime, illegal alcohol sales, gang controlled territories, police shootings and above all, most people last outd to drink. In contrast to todays society where drugs are illegal there is not much difference. We have the same type of violent crime and gang control as in the twenties, and people continue to use drugs. Countries where alcohol is considered a normal part of life, such as Greece and Italy, have low occurren... ...ontrols and regulation in the hands of the government to protect the threatened from dangerous drug dealers. The argument that drug users are criminals does not hold up since these law-abiding citizens dont break other laws.      One more area that legalization will affect is that of race. Black people are ten times more likely to be imprisoned for drug offences than whites. near police officers discriminate and use racial stereotyping in whom they arrest. It would bosom blacks into other enterprises to make legal money and change society as a whole. Opponents say lock up drug dealers, but we are running out of room in our prisons. Its time to take away drug dealers source of income and force government to address the underlying poverty in our country among minorities and the uneducated.      Legalization is not a cure all but it does allow us to address many of the problems associated with drug use, and those created by drug prohibition. The time has come for an effective and realistic drug policy. Its time to take a look at legalization, end the war on drugs, and approach it from a point of what is best for society as a whole.

The Lack of Stringent Educational Values in America Essay examples --

Since I was a child, I have been a product of the American public educational system. From a young age, my classmates and I have always been told to study hard and we would do great things. This is true, for the most part, however, there is one tragic flaw in this statement. A person can always strive to be the best, but without the proper structure or guidance, he or she will never be fitting to reach their full potential. Robert Fellini is a prime example of never being able to reach his full potential because of the lack of guidance during his scholastic life. Fellini is a dear friend of mine and study partner for years. Like myself, he is a product of the public educational system. Although he has graduated from college, where does his life view him now? To be a security guard at a bank. This is what Fellini is currently doing for employment. While studying with Fellini, he mentioned his aspirations to constitute a lawyer. He in spades had the kno wledge and the ambition, but his fatal flaw was the lack of support from both his educators and personal family. The educational system is better in Asia than in America because of the set instilled in students at a young age. In Asian countries, such as China and Japan, children are taught from a young age that there is nonentity more valuable in the world than an education. This is quite different from the teachings of American children. In Talking to High Monks in the Snow by Lydia Minatoya, we find that the pose of the students she taught in Boston were greatly less appreciative and ambitious as the students she taught in Japan and China. Throughout her journey, both the students from Japan and China resembled a more studious and advantageous... ...to become ambitious if there are no educators to motivate them? Japan and China have one very important thing in common, their educators are well respected and their student body is far more intelligent than America. What would happen if America became a country of academic supremacy? If we were to become a global giant in the academic world, and combine that with our economical and living aspirations, what would be the disadvantage in living in such a country?Works CitedHassett, Kevin A. Rethinking Competitiveness. Washington, D.C. AEI, 2012. Print.Healey, Nigel M. Is Higher Education in Really Internationalising? Higher Education 55.3 (2008) 333-55. JSTOR. Web. Nov.-Dec. 2013. .Minatoya, Lydia Y. Talking to High Monks in the Snow An Asian American Odyssey. new-sprung(prenominal) York, NY HarperCollins, 1992. Print.

Local and National Provision for Swimming :: Papers

Local and National Provision for Swimming The sport I have chosen to examine the Local and National provision for is swim. I have competed in many in-club races and swam against several other clubs, this was through a continuous interest in melted and sport as a whole. Every popular sport has to be provided for at various levels, from an absolute beginner, to international excellence. At each level, there atomic number 18 different coaching and training procedures, as well as the consideration of the alter to cater for. This operation is run by the Amateur Swimming link (A.S.A.), where rules are made official and provision is provided, which coaches and swimmers have to abide by. The A.S.A has a swimmer development program called Swim21. I quote from the website, Swim21 provides a long due nationally recognised club development programme which provides clear pathways which swimmers can progress along. Im sure the programme will go along way to part us produce the champions of the future. The quote basically tells us that the A.S.A is very keen to produce talented swimmers into the future and do everything it can to achieve this. Swim21 also applies to disabled swimmers. At grass roots level the most important contributor to the access a young performer has to sport is usually from the school, and this is no different in swimming. As well as this many young children have available to them the opportunity of learning to swim at their local swimming facility. Henceforth, in general, once young swimmers have learned the basics, with a particular enjoyment for the sport, they have the choice to move onto competitive swimming by signing up to a club registered with the A.S.A within their area. The next stage to improving is to enter into a training program, suited for age and experience. Normally within a swimming club, there are teaching groups depending on the experience and skills they have, so that they can therefore train to become better, or train to perfect the skills the need to

Local and National Provision for Swimming :: Papers

Local and National Provision for locomote The sport I have chosen to analyse the Local and National provision for is fluid. I have competed in many in-club races and swam against several other clubs, this was through a continuous interest in swimming and sport as a whole. Every popular sport has to be provided for at different levels, from an absolute beginner, to international excellence. At each level, on that point are different coaching and training procedures, as well as the consideration of the disabled to cater for. This operation is run by the Amateur Swimming Association (A.S.A.), where rules are made official and provision is provided, which coaches and swimmers have to abide by. The A.S.A has a swimmer development program called Swim21. I quote from the website, Swim21 provides a foresighted overdue nationally recognised club development programme which provides clear path directions which swimmers can progress along. Im sure the program me will go along way to helping us produce the champions of the future. The quote basically tells us that the A.S.A is very keen to produce talented swimmers into the future and do everything it can to achieve this. Swim21 likewise applies to disabled swimmers. At grass roots level the most important contributor to the access a young performer has to sport is usually from the school, and this is no different in swimming. As well as this many young children have available to them the opportunity of learning to swim at their local swimming facility. Henceforth, in general, once young swimmers have learned the basics, with a particular enjoyment for the sport, they have the choice to move onto competitive swimming by write up to a club registered with the A.S.A within their area. The next stage to improving is to enter into a training program, suited for age and experience. Normally within a swimming club, there are teaching groups depending on the exp erience and skills they have, so that they can therefore train to become better, or train to perfect the skills the strike to

Discuss How Sherriff Presents Human Weakness

Discuss how Sherriff presents human weakness and frailty in Journeys End Journeys End was written with the intention of letting the war speak. The lives of the officers on the front line during 1917 are examined. A key theme that is explored throughout the course is the reactions of the mind and body, under the stress of the war. Each character represents the weakness of the human being in an individual way, but the character on which frailty is mainly focussed is Stanhope. Stanhope is the topic of many conversations within the dugout and the first conversation we see, Stanhope is mentioned.The conversation is betwixt Osborne, the second in bid, and the ruleing officer of the company being relieved. The commander inquires as to whether Stanhope is drinking like a fish, this indicates towards the audience for the first time, that Stanhope is an alcoholic and is seen to turn to alcohol to cope with the war. Osborne jumps to the defence of Stanhope, explaining that Stanhope is t he best company commander. Despite Stanhopes act mechanism of alcohol, he however has respect shown to him by his men.This is shown throughout, to that degree more so in the final moments of the quicken when the troops are r allied by Stanhope for the raid. Stanhope is shown to reject reminders of life before the war, and if his family hold for him back home is mentioned it will not be tolerated. He shows that he does not penury to be reminded when Raleigh arrives at the dugout and Stanhope becomes agitated. The conversations between the men and Stanhope are riddled with silence and on stage this would show the tension between the characters build up.We see how the war has as hearty made Stanhope paranoid, and Stanhopes worry and paranoia become clear when he is insistent on looking through Raleighs letters home, to see if he has typeset anything derogatory or so Stanhope. He is afraid that the truth about him being an alcoholic will reach home, and as Sherriff has told u s, Stanhope has a fiancee waiting back home, and Stanhope does not want her view of him as this leader of the men to be damaged, especially by Raleigh writing home and tell her I reek of whisky all day.Stanhopes human qualities are not shown often throughout the play, yet when Sherriff introduces his fiancee who is waiting him back in England it adds a tender heartedness to the character. Stanhope in addition seems to distract his self from the war by being obsessed with cleanliness and hygiene. This is also related to the war and shows the characters drive and determination to make it through the war. Stanhope is described in the stage directions as having well brushed hair and is shown to have care for his uniform.Further in the play, the audience witnesses the death of Osborne who is seen as the caring figure within the dugout. subsequently this, Stanhope uses anger along side the alcohol as a coping mechanism. It is shown how Stanhope appears to have lost everything, because o f Osbornes death. He has also lost Hibbert after utilize his authoritative powers over him and forced him to get out and go to bed. When Raleigh tries to talk to Stanhope about how he copes, Stanhope tells him to get out and so loses him as well. This scene shows the beginning of the downfall of Stanhope and bodes the ending of the play with the death of his soldiers.In the play Stanhope admits to his need for alcohol to cope with the war, stating that if he was not doped with whisky he could go mad with fright. Possibly masking why he showed sympathy towards Hibbert when he was breaking down, and that if Stanhope can survive the war he could perchance change. Overall Stanhope is presented as a man with is weaknesses yet has the courage (although this could be because of the doping effects of alcohol) to push on throughout his stay in the dugout and the war. He is regarded as a hero in the eyes of his men.Sherriff shows us Stanhope as an officer with a great experience of the war , yet this is juxtaposed with the fresh newfangled recruit who is straight from school, Raleigh. The young soldier is idealistic and has arrived at the front lines with little knowledge of the reality of it all, but is in search of the intangibles, laurels and glory. Sherriff shows this to the audience by having Raleigh describe the war like a game at school, using words such as cricket and rugby, which show the youth, innocence and naivety of Raleigh.When the reality becomes clear, Raleighs attitude towards the war changes dramatically. The death of Raleigh at the end of the play sums up his characteristics in the best possible way, his innocence is shown until his final moments when he compares the wound in his back to be only if the same as getting kicked in a game of rugger. His death signifies much more than the passing of one soldier, added with Raleigh passing, the candle flame extinguishing, shows the death of society in 1917 and of innocence, showing how slide fastener could return to the way it was in the years previous to the war.After the raid which occurs near the end of the play, Raleighs view on the war has changed after he witnesses the first deaths of people he knew. He questions as to how Stanhope can stay drinking champagne whilst Osbornes body is lying-out there. Again this shows the audience just how naive Raleigh is, as he has never experienced the loss of someone close to him and the effect that the war has on people. Despite Raleighs innocence and weakness, he is determined to fight until the end, showing that his character (although naive) has strength.In his final scene, Raleigh is told he has got a Blighty one, yet Raleigh believes he cant over go home showing how although it is the end, Raleigh has matured and has become a true soldier, willing to stay and fight on even in the subject of adversity. Raleigh has finally achieved his goal of obtaining the intangibles, recognise and glory, but the question the audience would be asking is, was his death worth gaining these? The relationship that is built up between Raleigh and Stanhope is examined from the beginning of the play, especially from the view of Raleigh worshipping Stanhope as a hero, hed just got his MC and been made a captain.He looked splendid. go about the end of the play, Stanhope changes his mood from not liking the fact that Raleigh is a member of his company, to a gentler approach, he bathes the boys face. This shows the audience the relationships which were formed by men during the war, even if this specific event does have feminine connotations. These relationships were a necessity to combat human frailty and weakness. Osborne is conferred in two contrasting slipway.In his physical air he is hard as nails and is seen as second in command of the company, but at the same time Sherriff also presents Osborne as an uncle to the men, due to his nature of being gentle. Stanhope seems to have a large dependency upon Osborne and this is show n when Stanhope calls him dear old uncle, the use of dear here shows how much Stanhope needs him. Osborne is a humble and goodly man. This is expressed when Osborne quotes a line from Alice in Wonderland (which is the book he is reading) how doth the little crocodilewith gently smiling jaws.The audience is given a depth to Osbornes character, and the frys book shows us his form of escapism from the war. The choice of book that is included could be seen as significant, as the characters in Alice in Wonderland are so mad, this could be used to represent the madness of the war and how little sense it made to many people. Osborne, in some ways, has more to deal with than the rest of the officers in the dugout, and thus this shows his strength, as he must cope with the problems of the otherwise officers, as they look up to him as uncle, he is an outlet for the men and allows them to show their weakness.Trotters coping mechanism is similar to that of Stanhopes, in the way that he resul ts to consuming a substance. It is clear that Trotter copes by eating, as he has put on burden during the war. Trotter also draws a hundred and forty-four little circles on a bit o paper which represent the one hundred and forty four hours which the officers must stay posted at the dugout and surrounding trench. Trotter is seen to maintain the companys morale, as his (attempts to the) use of sense of humor to keep spirits up, cheer up skipper.Trotter is shown to be rather emotionless, yet this view changes later on in the play when Stanhope states that Trotter is unceasingly the same his reply is little you know showing that Trotter isnt coping with the war as well as the other officers thought. Trotter is also used in a way, to highlight the culture of intangibles that had swept the younger generations of this times society, as he is honoured to gain the post of second in command of the company after Osbornes death, showing how many men joined up to escape from their lives back home and go in search of honour and glory on the battlefield.Hibbert is presented as a man whom the war has had a great psychological effect upon. In his first appearance within the play he complains about his neuralgia. The audience that would be viewing this play in 1928 would most likely show sympathy towards Stanhope, as he had to put up with this type of officer, yet a contemporary audience, with a greater understanding of the psychological effects the war had upon certain people, such as compositors case Shock or PTS (post traumatic stress disorder) would most likely show sympathy towards Hibbert.Hibbert does not wish to join the other men before the large-mouthed attack, you want me to go up now? causing him to judge others by his own set standards. Stating that Raleigh is too keen because he was in the trenches with the other soldiers. Hibbert is rude to his commanding officer, Stanhope, as he does not follow his orders, and from a military perspective this would not be tolerated and Hibbert would have been eligible for court martial. Mason, in the play, is the character who is not of officer rank. He is a servant to the officers within the dugout.At the beginning of the war (1914) officers were all form public schools, but as numbers racket started to diminish by 1917, officers were allowed to be from public or private schools. Masons distractions from the war are rather trivial, such as a tin of apricots. The inclusion of a lower class character shows how the war affected everyone, as class did not change the dangers that the soldiers faced. Out of being a servant little is seen of Mason, showing how although in the worst of circumstances, every day things such as cooking had to carry on. Critical Reviews of Journeys EndMany groups could comment upon the play and respond in different ways towards it. A Marxist would state that Sherriff does not achieve his aim, as the play only presents the middle classes who did not have to fight. And thus it do es not show the horrific conditions in which many ordinary soldiers had to endure in the trenches. It does not show the fear felt by the men on the front line because the play is set in a (relatively) safe dug out, in which the officers have a servant and in comparison to the ordinary foot soldiers, are well looked after.The military may have taken a dislike to the play, due to its anti war nature and how Sherriff seems to be questioning the authority of high command and why the soldiers follow orders without a second thought. A lack of sympathy would have been shown by the military for the characters who suffered psychological illnesses. Sherriff did not intend the play to be anti war, yet was presented this way by the plays producer, who was known for having an anti war view. Sheriffs aim was to let the war speak and expose the truths of it.A feminist may cite that there are no female characters within the play, and that the only females that are mentioned are objectified and w ill always be waiting for their husbands when they return from the war. They would say the lack of females could mean that the play could not show the coping strategies of humans, and that it does not fully represent their weaknesses. Sherriff claimed that the play was intended to let the war speak, yet the lack of female characters within the play means that it can not show the effect the war had on women.

Vero Moda Marketing mix

VERO MODA was one of the first greases to launch within the Bestseller family. Today VERO MODA is one of the largest brands in the corporation. The vision of the brand was to fulfill a need for darling quality, on-trend clothing at affordable scathes. VERO MODA is the brand of choice for the fashion-conscious, independent one-year-old woman who wants to dress well and pay less. Today, VERO MODA has more than than 1,000 stores in Europe, 1,600 stores in China, and develop rapid growth in both India and Canada. VERO MODA is represented in almost 45 countries. Vero moda has two in-ho go for labels that specialize in a certain type of dress up that is-Y.A.S- The core collection is founded in our eternal passion for luxurious fabrics, contemporary shapes, modern lines, and refined silhouettes. Y.A.S stays true to its ethos, which is a design approach come to on well-crafted, feminine collections with a touch of edge and understated coolness. Noisy May is a team of passionate indi viduals bound together by their get laid for fashion and true denim.SEGMENT- Young adults, young independent women, fashion conscious women. Between the age group of 18-35TARGET- It targets the upper middle mob and high class with annual income of 5 lakhs and above.THE FOUR PsPRODUCT Vero Moda has apparel, accessories and shoes.Womens wearVero moda caters to the fashion loving populace.Vero Moda clothes follow the current fashion trends and patterns. The silhouettes are very feminine, stylish and semi-formal. It doesnt give a casual look rather a very prim and proper feminine look and feel. Premium quality fabrics are utilize giving the products a very luxurious feel. The colours used by the brands are sober and sophisticated and then again they have a partition with bright feminine colours. The colour pattern is also tweaked from time to time according to the seasons trends. It offers a wide range of sizes catering to all- from an XS to a XL.Accessories & shoes The accessories include wallets, scarfs, earrings, neck pieces and rings. The accessories are again quite feminine and complement their apparel range. Scarfs use a lot of trendy prints. The wallets and shoes use a lot of leather and sequins- Keeping the target audience in mind this is very apt as a young fashionable working women need both to go with their professional and social life.PRICEVero moda has placed itself has a affordable fashion brand for young independent women.The price ranges from Rs 400 to Rs 6000. Since the brand is providing good quality and follows current fashion trends , their customers dont mind paying that extra bit. Vero Moda has a very niche and sophisticated feel to it which is also reflected through it clothes. But its pricing strategy is such that it should target the young independent women who are willing to look good but at affordable prices. Women today are smart and aware and look for the best deals. Thus Vero moda is giving them high quality fashion at an afford able price and service. The strategy is that the price should come as a pleasant surprise to its customers.The competitor brands are Zara, Mango, Chemistry. Zara and Chemistry are similarly priced whereas Mango is priced at a higher level.PLACEThe brand targets the fashion conscious independent women and the upper middle class and high class.By Place it means the distribution channel a company follows. Maximum distribution of its products is direct. The brand owns independent stores. Off late they have set up sections in other departmental store that share a similar design philosophy. The brand is placed in a mall or high street which is frequently visited by the target audience. Vero Moda has not cut back itself only to high street or exclusive malls as it talks ab aside affordability and reaching the masses.PROMOTIONAbove the line- Vero Moda doesnt have much of above the line promotion. It doesnt have tv or radio commercials. Though it does promote itself quite a bit through prin t media especially in fashion magazines. For modern collection Vero Moda prints out catalogues which are circulated to frequent customers and given to any visitor who comes to the store..Below the Line-Vero Moda has its own active website which is regularly updated. It also conducts online competitions and other promotional activity. The brand sends out regular mails to its valued customers always keeping them in the loop. Thus maintaining a good customer base and trying to create a brand inscription for itself.One of the most striking promotional activities is the window displays done by the brand. Its out of the box, trendy and very attractive. It speaks smartness, class, chic, sophistication.During sales they have special window displays and holdings. This makes more and more people aware about their ongoing sale.SWOT ANALYSISSTRENGTH- Fashionable and trendy Affordable pricing Good quality Spacious stores Strong brand paradigm Brand awareness WEEKNESS Not enough promotion ( tv commercials, endorsements, ) Repetition and can get monotonous Narrow target audience ( only young women)OPPORTUNITIES To broaden target audience ( menswear, children) More commoditiesTHREATS Competitor brands Global brands Brands with better promotional strategies Better offers and pricing strategies.

Brain Development Essay

At birth there are about tip Celsius billion psyche cells produced and they are beginning to connect with each other. At the first week of age, question learning starts with conception. It is important to reach the age of an child and bore the ten principals. In the early years, four-year-old brains produce almost twice as many synapses as they will need. By age two, the cast of synapses a toddler has is similar to that of an adult. By three the child has twice as many synapses as an adult. The infant brain develops through the interaction with the orb around, especially the interaction with adults.At the first few months, an infant evokenot response to praise or punishment. Emerging research on brain development indicates that the degree for responsive care giving that children receive as infants and toddlers positively affects the connections between neurons in the brain (Brain Cells), and the architecture of the brain itself. The first three years of living are the per iod of growth in all areas of a babys development. Consistent, responsive relationships enable infants and toddlers to develop secure attachments.Infants and Toddlers develop knowing and appreciation by perceiving experiences directly with the senses. For infants to acquire the ability to comprehend this sensory information they must b able to distinguish between the familiar and the unknown later they will begin to consider, to formulate, and to form mental images in this process of experiencing and clarifying the environment. Infants begin by exploring the world with their bodies. They internalize what they take in through their senses and ostentation it in their physical movements.Infants gather vital information through such simple acts as mouthing, grasping, and reaching. The knowing process also involves language abilities. As green children use their senses to experience the world, they need labels to categorize and remember these experiences. By creating these labels, ch ildren increase their ability to communicate and begin to control their own behavior. These expanded abilities give young children additional opportunities to understand the world (Infant, Toddlers, and Caregiver Ninth Edition).Recent brain research supports the goal of building a total person instead of concentrating on cognitive development alone. Providing a rich environment with interesting things to do is desirable and stimulates cognitive development. But that does not work without working on physical, kindly, and frantic development at the same time. What make differences are the day-to-day living, the relationships, the experiences, the diapering, the feedings, the toilet training, and the free play and exploration that contribute to intellectual development.Early experiences matter, and shape brain architecture. Advances in brain research have provided great insight into how young childrens experiences have profound impact on genic predispositions and thereby take the p rocesses that determine whether their brains will have adaptations or maladaptations for later learning, memory, reasoning, executive public presentation, expressing a full range of positive and negative emotions, socialization, behavior control and lifelong health.The make of this element is to close the gap between what we have learned and what we do with infants and toddlers. Experiences that prepare the developing brain to function optimally include having warm, nurturing, attentive social interactions and conscientiously raw siennaing young children from the adverse impact of toxic stress. Lack of these kinds of experiences sewer have devastating, long-term effects on brain development including cognitive functioning and social-emotional competencies.For example, unpredictable or chaotic routines or lack of consistent caregivers may jeopardize childrens foundation for identity development or self regulation, or few language experiences, toys, and opportunities to explore i mpede the development of neural connections and pathways that facilitate learning (Essential elements of Quality-Infant-toddler Program). To deliver high quality care giving, adults need to understand and discern key developmental processes that help them understand and support infants and toddlers.Since this essential element explicitly identifies knowledge about key developmental processes threats to them as a actor in quality infant-toddler program, three terms are defined as important pieces of a wider knowledge base about brain development that informs practice serve and return, executive functioning and toxic stress. Serve and return is the interaction between young children and their parents and caregiver is a key to healthy brain development.It helps to execute neural connections that build later cognitive and emotional skills. Executive functioning represents the cognitive skills that enable a child to focus on, hold, and think about information, get through distraction s and divert their attention to something new. The foundation for executive functioning is laid in infancy and is facilitated through early experiences. Acquiring the early building blocks of (executive functioning) skills is one of the most important and challenging tasks of the early childhood years.Toxic stress is defined as strong, frequent, and/or prolonged adversity without adequate adult support. Toxic stress disrupts brain development. piece of music some experience with manageable stress is important for healthy development, prolonged, uninterrupted, overwhelming stress toxic stress without the buffering relationships a child needs, can result in damaged, weakened systems and brain architecture that can have negative long-term effect (Essential Elements of Quality-Infant-Toddler Program). Environments make a difference in brain development.Environments that provide proper nutrition and regularly scheduled periods of sleep and physical activity consistently promote warm, nu rturing, attentive social interaction and conscientiously buffer young children from the adverse impacts of toxic stress. Lack of adequate nutrition, physical activity, appropriate sensory stimulation or social-emotional developmental experiences disrupt brain architecture and can have a decisively negative Impact on future development (Essential Elements of Quality-Infant-Toddler Program).Finding about the impact of early experiences on brain development highlight the importance of intervening early with highly stressed infants and toddlers and their families. Infants and children who are rarely spoken to, who are exposed to few toys, and who have little probability to explore and experiment with their environment may fail to fully develop the neural connections and path ways that facilitate later learning. Despite their normal genetic endowment, these children are at a significant intellectual disadvantage and are likely to require costly special education or other bettering ser vices when they enter school.Fortunately, intervention programs that start working with children and their families at birth or even prenatally can help prevent this tragic loss of potential. While high-quality infant and toddler programs are not necessarily intervention programs. When caregiver and parenting practices are grounded in knowledge of early brain development, caregivers and parents are much more effective in providing experiences that facilitate optimal development including strong brain architecture (Essential element of Quality-Infant-Toddler Program).

The Use of Social Networking Sites

By Ogechi Ebere By Ogechi Ebere Their Advantages, Abuses and Dangers. Their Advantages, Abuses and Dangers. The Use of Social Networking Sites The Use of Social Networking Sites Introduction Human beings by and large atomic number 18 social. They feel an inherent desire to connect and expand their connections. There is a deep rooted need among humans to sh be. In the past, due to geographical distances and economic concerns, connections between slew were limited. A social network is made up of individuals that ar connected to ane a nonher by a particular type of interdependency. It could be ideas, values, trade, anything.Social networks operate on many an(prenominal) levels. Initially social networking happened at family functions where all relative and friends would conglomerate under one roof. Social networking has always been prevalent it is just that in these quantify the face of social networking has changed. Where earlier the process was long drawn, involving a chain mov ement where in one person led to an different through a web of social contacts, today the process is highly specialized. Ill introduce to you themost must-know advantages and disadvantages, dangers of social media so youll be aw atomic number 18 of how to use it in the safest and most valuable possible waysAdvantages of Social Networking Sites 1) Low Cost Communication (essentially free) If you go on to social networking sites such as Facebook, Bebo or MySpace, you understructure take messages back and forth to multiple friends at once, absolutely free from charge (apart from the cost of actually running the internet, and computer etc. ). 2) Making New Friends You are given the hazard to make headway new friends via such sites, whether that be suggested friends (a friend of a friend) or online relations that nates be formed due to a shared interest or hobby. 3) The Ability to Upload Videos and ImagesMost Social Networking platforms arrest the capability to allow you to upload particular media. So a spacious selected sense of hearing can view your pictures and videos. Saving you having to send images and videoes directly to each person you want to see them, instead they can simply pop over to your name profile and view them. 4) The Ease of Setting Up Events Facebook allows you to create even upts, which is an online organised meeting to do something (in the real world) with a set time and place, so via Facebook you can offer invites to the event and make announcements etc.Again saving time, as you arent having to go around communicating to everyone individually. 5) Sharing Knowledge Social networking sites give you the capability to share data with ease, and by doing this Julia Porter states that people are able to increase both their learning and their flexibility in ways that would not be possible deep down a self-contained hierarchical organisation this particular statement was is in regards to passing information around scientists, however it c an also be employ to other organisations also. ) Finding Old Friends Social networking is a great tool to reunite with friends, with social networking sites such as Friends Reunited. Where a simple sign-up and filling in a few details you have just allowed yourself to be found by old friends. 7) Tools for Teaching As students are using a wide range of social networking sites already, teachers have taken advantage of this. Teachers have started to bring up online academic discussions (through threads and chat rooms) for their students to participate in.Social network platforms also set up teachers with the ability to help students out with homework and communicate with parents. 8) Pursuing Jobs and Work Experience Twitter in particular is a great tool for this, tweeting that you are interested in a particular job or internship could be a great step to actually securing one. As your followers may not actually have a opportunity for you, but they may know people who do so you don t only tap into your network, you tap into the network of the people who are following you (i. e the friend of the friends network).Disadvantages of Social Networking Sites 1) The Invasion Of Privacy It has been addressed on many occasions in the news and in the press, that we are giving away too much personal information about ourselves, and that this is leading us to becoming vulnerable to the likes of individuality theft etc. 2) Reducing role player Productivity There has been evidence to suggest social networking sites are harming businesses. Their employees are wasting time right throughout the day by participating in social networking sites rather than actually working.It has been stated that Facebook alone is accountable to wasting more than ? 130 gazillion a day in the UK. 3) How Much Do Social Networking Sites Know? Perhaps social networking sites have learnt a bit too much information for comfort, Facebook knows via their program Facebook Beacon that analyses our natura l online behaviour how long we are on the internet for, how often we visit certain websites etc. They monitor your activity even when you arent actually even logged in to Facebook 4) Potential to Cause HarmThere has been many reported cases, where fake accounts have been made, that lead to horrific tragedies. Such as in October 2006 a fake MySpace account was created that was given the name of Josh Evans that was well-nigh linked to the suicide of Megan Meier. 5) The Case of Cyber-Bullying As many young teenagers are using social networking sites as a form of communication, this just providesbullies with another opportunity to traumatisetheir victims. With few limitations from social networking sites to what people can actually post, bullies have the ability to publish offensive images and comments. ) Trolling These are rather common occurrences where individuals pass on post within a social network, to either annoy or spark a reaction through a post or popular comment these pe ople are often referred to as Trolls. Not really bullying, more being a nuisance on the social network. 7) Causing a Lack of Personal Communication There is a concern over people becoming so reliant upon the convenience of social networking sites that they arent actually using real-life verbal skills and they losing out on social intimacy with other people. ) Psychological Issues Studies have been conducted where the results suggest that people are becoming addicted to social networking sites e. g. a case of fourteen year old spending over eight hours day on Facebook etc. . There is also evidence to suggest that these sites can cause a person to feel lonely. The Dangers Of Social Networking Sites There are many inherent dangers of social networking sites because of the way the websites work. One of the biggest dangers is fraud, sometimes having to do with identity theft.Because these sites are based on friends and the passing along of bits of personal information, thieves realized the potential instantly. There are endlesssocial networking scamsthat crooks can try to pull out off with this medium and we have only seen the tip of the iceberg so far. The newest mainstream social network is twitter. Its based on people following others and acquire to read their tweets of 140 characters or less. This is one of the dangers of social networking sites because many people want as many followers as possible and they arent jump about what they say in their tweets.This highlights thetrouble with Twitterand many other social networking sites. Many peoples goals on these sites is to have as many friends as possible and they just dont think before they message or add friends. Unfortunately, this sets them up to be victimized by one scam or the next. The biggest social network in the world is facebook. Started in 2004 by a Harvard student, this site has had a meteoric rise. Facebook has become a grand software platform that houses every application imaginable and millio ns of games and groups and users. This brings us to another one of the dangers of social networking sites.With the goal of becoming bigger than big, can these sites really nurse the average users while on their site? Yes, this should be up to the individual user, but certain things cannot be controlled by the user and when the site has 200 million users (100 million log in everyday ), how much resource can be used for protecting clients of the site? With so many people logged in everyday that contribute personal information constantly, the crooks have followed and committedFacebook identity theftto get what they need. There are truly endless scams they have attempt and will try to pull off on the social networks.Teen Social Networking By The Numbers * 51Percentage of teens who check their sites more than once a day. * 22Percentage who check their sites more than 10 times a day. * 39Percentage who have posted something they later regretted. * 37Percentage who have used the sites to make fun of other students. * 25Percentage who have created a profile with a false identity. * 24Percentage who have hacked into soulfulness elses social networking account. * 13Percentage who have posted nude or seminude pictures or videos of themselves or others online. acebook identity theft like any other online identity theft, can be extremely dangerous for teenagers. With their brain still developing, it is very easy to take advantage of them by pretending to be someone else (usually a crush). There have been many cases like this and it devastates the teen when the criminal reveals that it was a hoax. Many teens have fallen into deep depression or even lost their life, an enormous tragedy and one of the biggest dangers of social networking sites. Be Careful Be Careful There are thousands and thousands offacebook impostorsout there looking to make an easy buck or harass people they know.

Hero’s Journey Essay Essay

The wedges journey is an aspect thats found in some(prenominal) books and even movies. The Kite tabooset by Khaled Hosseini is a very famous book read by many English elucidatees based on a heros journey. The characters in this book struggle to find out what their journey is, especially the main character emeer. Refusal of the call means the hero attempts to disown the adventure because he is afraid. ameer holds back from doing a lot in the book because he is afraid of the outcome that comes along with it. Even though emeer refuses the call he later accepts and winds up doing good deeds however, I still dont believe hes the hero because he doesnt protect Hassan he frames Hassan because he feels guilty about not protecting him when he should have, and he lets class and race get in the substance of their friendship. Refusal of the call plays a big role in The Kite Runner because most of the characters refuse to do something. Baba refuses to get treatment for his cancer emeer a t first refuses to go back to Kabul and Hassan refuses to stay in Kabul. In heros journey tales, the hero feels unsure and afraid of the adventure out front of them, which is why they refuse the call.Rahim Kahn is the one who tries to get amir to accept the biggest call of his life by telling him theres a steering to be good again(192) if he goe back to Kabul. After awhile, emir finally put his fear aside and heads back to Kabul. Even though Amir in conclusion accepts the call and has through and through with(p) some good deeds throughout the book, he is not a full on hero. The good deed that Amir has break was go back to Kabul to adopt Hassans son Sohrab because Hassan and his wife have been murdered. Amir goes to the Taliban who has Sohrab and tries to get them to give him Sohrab. The Taliban in the room was giving Amir a really hard time about getting to Sohrab and kept asking Amir questions. Amir finally figured out who the Taliban really was. Assef wouldnt let Amir embr ace Sohrab due to do unfinished business.Assef then turns the music up really loud and starts beating up Amir while Sohrab just stood and watched. Sohrab told Assef to stop hurting Amir precisely he didnt. Sohrab then shot Assef in the eye with his slingshot and when Assef fell to the floor, Amir and Sohrab take flight to freedom (286-292). This is an example of a good deed because at first, Amir refused to go back to Kabul to moreover Sohrab but then finally realizes that Hassan would of done it for him, so he ended up leaving his family in America to save Sohrab for Hassan. The firsttime Amir refuses the call is when Amir wins The Kite Runner tournament for the first time with Hassans help. After Amir cuts the other persons kite, Hassan goes to chase the blue kite down for Amir. Amir exclaims that Hassan doesnt need to do that for him and as Hassan is running for the kite, he shouts for you a thousand times over and proceeds to get the kite (67).Amir goes to look for Hassan and finds Hassan talking to the bully Assef and his friends but what Amir didnt know was the castigate was about to happen. Since Hassan refused to give Assef the blue kite because it was Amirs, Assef give tongue to, Ive changed my mind, Im letting you keep the kite, Hazara. Ill let you keep it so it will always remind you of what Im about to do(73). Assef and his friends quickly mard Hassan and then run off. Amir had to watch the whole thing. This is an example of refusing the call because Amir refused to stand up for Hassan and say something because he was excite theyd do the same thing to him and that doesnt make Amir a hero. The second time Amir refuses the call is when Amir did nothing to protect Hassan as he watched Assef and his friends rape him. Amirs cowardliness excessively gets in the way, so he ends up framing Hassan.Amir feels so guilty and cant take the guilt anymore to where he waits for Hassan and his dad Ali to leave the house and he frames Hassan by putting the w atch that Baba gave him and the money he got for his birthday under Hassan mattress that way Baba would ask them to leave so Amir didnt have to deal with the guilt anymore. What Amir was least expecting happened Baba confronted Hassan and Ali about stealing the watch and money. Baba came right out and said, Did you steal that money? Did you steal Amirs watch, Hassan?(105). Hassan replies saying, yes(105). Amir was not expecting Hassan to actually say yes so he was very shocked when Hassan said yes. Since Baba said the only sin was theft, Amir thought that Baba would surely dismiss them. Babas response shocks everyone. Baba says, I forgive you(105).Amir was so shocked because Baba said the worst sin to do was theft. Ali then said that him and Hassan are leaving and couldnt stay here any longer because of what happened. Baba was crying hysterically begging them not to go. Amir refused the call of not stepping up and protecting Hassan and felt so guilty he framed him to get them to lea ve. In the end everything worked out in Amirs favor and they left Kabul, which doesnt make Amir a hero, it makes him a coward. Amir is not a full on hero because he refuses to call Hassan hisfriend due to race, class issues and because Hassan was Amirs servant. Amir at first didnt even consider him and Hassan as friends. I never thought of Hassan and me as friends either(25). Later throughout the book Amir starts to realize that Hassan is more than just his servant. Hassan has always called Amir his friend and blood brother but Amir could never come out and say it back.Once Amir finally realized that Hassan was actually his best friend and even brother, Amir regrets everything once Hassan died because he couldnt go back and change it. Amir was considered high class and Hassan was a Hazara, which was name for a lower class afghan, so their class differences made it hard for Amir to call Hassan his friend because he was scared of what others would think of him. Because others new Has san as Amirs servant, it also made it hard for Amir to tell people that Hassan and him were actually friends. This is an example of refusing the call because Amir had always wanted to call Hassan his friend, but was always scared of what others would think because Hassan was a Hazara and Amirs servant. Because Amir was so scared of what others thought, that doesnt make him a hero.In conclusion, I would like to say that through the heros journey aspect of refusal of the call, even though Amir has done some good deeds, like go back to Kabul to save and adopt Sohrab, he still wasnt a true hero because he doesnt protect Hassan from getting raped and after watching it happen, he frames Hassan because he feels so guilty about not doing anything to protect him when he should have, and he lets class and race issues get in the way of their friendship. Hosseini portrays Amir in The Kite Runner by making him go through a lot of tough obstacles throughout the book especially when he was younger and having to make life-changing decisions.Amir refused to face most of the obstacles he was given in the book, but as he grew up, he accepted the fact that he needed to get the better of his fear and complete those obstacles. When were younger we get scared to do certain things, but as we get older we realize that we need to do the things that scare us in order to become the hero. Though one might refuse the call because of fear, as you grow older you end up accepting the fact that you need to face the call and go through with whatever obstacle is put in your pathway just like Amir did when he had to face going to save Sohrab. Whether you face your obstacles or not, that is what makes you a true hero.CitationsHosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. New York Riverhead, 2003. Print.

Impact of Western Culture in Bangladesh Essay

The following research report deals with the Impact of Hesperian nuance in our society includes lots thought according their come along level, how the Bengali culture is becoming a Hesperianized and which factors be related with that. We took still Dhaka city for our research scene.Ack straightawayledgementFirst of all we would equal to thank our Al powerfulnessy God, because of His blessings were al managements with us so that we were able to complete this report.We argon grateful to many people for providing us encour come alongment and financial raise during our learning and work while making this report and we want to visualize our gratefulness to these people.We are very much grateful to Prof.Toufiqul Islam, our teacher of Research & Methodology course, who provided us luck to do this report. It was not manageable for us to perform this report with pop out his sincere permission, constant support and inspiration. We express our gratefulness to him.Our pleasant tha nks to all of our respondents who gave us all kinds of support and important information related to our report. We would wantwise like to thank our friends and peers for their encouragement, support, and suggestions which helped us to bring up this report an effective one.1. IntroductionBangladesh is a thawing pot of races. She, therefore, has a mixed culture. However, her deep rooted heritage is amply reflected in her architecture, literature, dance, drama, music and painting and also in peoples bread and butterstyle. She has receive Language Bengali which boasts a rich literary heritage. direct if we speak about Western culture, it is a wide range of culture that performed by the hale world. Now-a-days this culture is passing spreading in our country and people are paying their interest into horse opera culture by the help of globalization.Mostly the early extensions and highly aristocratic families are very much influenced by western culture which h one- eon(a)s negati ve usurpation on our own culture. So, we pursue over to make clear understanding to thecommunity for making strong cultural bond and better society.From that sense, it is necessary to take a research about the extend to of Western culture in our society. And, we believe that the following research report will help to find out the conclusion with semiprecious recommendation.1.1 Basic of the studyBangladeshi culture is influenced by three great religions- Hinduism, Buddhism band Islam in successive order, with Islam having the most pervading and lasting impact. Like a colorful montage, the cultural tradition of the country is a smart blending of many variants, unique in diversity but in essence greatly symmetrical.On the other hand, Western culture began in antediluvian patriarch Greece. Today, Western culture has at least some presence in nearly all nations of the world. It does not currently exist, however, anywhere in a unadulterated and complete form. Western culture curr ently dominates in many Western and Central European nations and several nations settled by Europeans and their descendants. Western culture also significantly exists in many Asian nations, such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore, and it is increasingly influential in India and China. Western culture currently has pocke accede meaningful presence also in Bangladesh. 4In this research report we hold Dhaka city as for many reason like deficit of time, also we roll in the hay in this city so it is quite sonant for our study, besides as Dhaka city is the capital of Bangladesh and most aristocratic family live in this city. So it is also uncomplicated to know about peoples thought on our topic.1.2 Background of the studyFrom the historical perspective, Bangladeshi culture has rich literary heritage. The riverside landscape and the monsoon climate are closely related to the cultural practices of this country. It focuses the lifestyles and culture value of the indigenous peo ple. From the earlier age, people break dance value and maintain well-disposed customs which are in our culture.However, people are now following some of the western cultures beside their own one. Mostly, the young generation is very much interested on English movies, western music, enclothees, foods and other things rather than Bengali culture. Now, young generation and unfaltering also middle age people are not that much conscious about Bengali culture because of the globalization. In this panache, Bengali culture is now no more originated by own culture, even it is losing her own value. In this research, we bundle opinions about the impact of western culture from people by field survey.1.3 Importance of the topicFor our research, we choose The Impact of Western culture In Our Society as our topic for its importance on the effect of cultural globalization (which means the commercialization of culture). Now a days the production and consumption of cultural goods and services has become commodities, along with the essentials of social life (marriage and family life, religion work and leisure). What once was an atom of the way of life becomes a product, rather than something unique men had made to suit their own needs and circumstances. In urban Bangladesh, technology of multi- channels TV began in 1991 and hence satellite broadcasting has been delivering lots of channels to viewers. Cultural domination by electronic media within the society thus has at last become a major concern of sociological inquiry. The present study is one of such effort to look at how the urban people, generally juvenility has accepted and responded to their access to Western culture. 31.4 Literature ReviewIn this fragmentize we found some of the information which is discussed in different articles and reports relevant to our topic. Even though many book focused about the impact of western culture and how people are taking it besides their own one without any hesitation. aft er reviewing different sources, we just focus on The Impact of Western Culture in Our Society from three different angles. These are Impact of cultural Globalization. corroboratory impact of westernization. Negative impact of westernization.Impact of socio cultural GlobalizationNow a days every country in this world is toughened as village, you can imagine whatever you can. Thats the way people are communicate easily to each other make things differences. Globalization has only one overarching featureintegration. It is all about collectiveness and ever increasing interconnectedness. It in effect influences everything, whether it is a company or a country. But here is a fact, is globalization all the way keeps help to connect to each other or build a strong communication in borderless world? If it is a question, then how it impacts in our society as well as in our culture? The Cable television has made different attraction in near the world as well as in Bangladeshi household. Fo reign movies have come and have reflected their culture in it. This has made a extensive impact on the minds of the Bangladeshi people. Not to mention the easy availability of Internet whose reach even extends till rural areas?The internet has opened up opportunities for people to learn more about foreign cultures and places. It has made Bangladeshi more acceptable and open-minded towards change. Globalization has broken all borders. As a result, the new generation of Bangladeshi is more knowledgeable, more aware and more interested in the world around them. In our society, women who were once the exploited and treat variance of the population, now assert their rights of being a woman. Women now have more access to education and know more about their rights and their identity as a woman. Nowadays, you find women in the society who work alongside men. Men-dominated fields see the coming up of the woman. Men and women are slowly being interact equally. However, this does not mean that all Bangladeshi women are fully free. In many places, exploitation still continues. 5Positive impact of westernizationDue to globalization, westernization is spreading out all over the world. Westernization has been placed in different countries because of globalization and needless to say, it has had an impact on the Bangladesh way of life. It has out-rooted the conventional Bengali culture and the rate at which westernization is happening to Bangladesh is surprising. Regional languages are on the process of redefined. In many ways instating of regional language people have been used to English peculiarly in urban areas youngsters. It had started get fixing with western clothing, western languages, western mannerisms and everything else westernized. Beside, the festival of Pohela Baishak, people is now celebrating like other western cultural festivals peculiarly in young groupsuch as- Valentines Day, Friendship Day, Mothers day, Fathers day. And other international celebrat ions.Now a day people are concern about how we think about globally, what the other country are doing in their cultural issue, just we observe and absorbing them. thither is lot of issues that we mechanically know about it even he/she has a shortsighted knowledge about westernization. But, people are moving with it in all the way.Negative impact of westernizationAt the side of the positive degree, Bangladeshi people are involving day by day with negative activities which our own culture because of following western culture. However no matter have occurred by this way, what people are doing in our society. With Globalization and westernization of our culture, Bangladesh now has access to things like adult movies, pornographic material, sex toys and other inner content from all around the world especially in young group of people. Bangladeshis population has been corrupted thanks by easy access which has been brought about by westernization. In fact, this has gone to such limits th at now pornographic material is even made in Bangladesh also.These perverted habits have embossed a population who sometimes are so full of hunger for that they choice to rape. It is a fact that rape cases have risen since the spread of globalization. So that, western dress is other factor that creates an imbalance in our society especially for woman group (whenever girls wear a shirt, t-shirt, and pant in our society, delinquent to feel or sensation of comfortable) which does not permit within our culture as majority of Muslim nationality. For wearing that kind of dresses men are more often than not thinking in negative sense. In a view of culture, how and from which cases we are thinking that Bengali culture becomes westernized, for that we assume several other questions which are listed below, wherefore we think about westernization? Is westernization needed to fit our Bengali culture? To identify what kind of differentiations within peoples thought about westernization f rom different age level? What are the options unattached for Bangladesh?The previous findings have reported results on the western culture effect on urban youth generation in our society. However, according to higher up mentioned circumstances, the present study takes the initiative to conduct an empirical investigation based on the impact of western culture in our society includes peoples thought according their age level, how the Bengali culture is becoming a westernized and which factors are related with that. The findings from this study will work as a valuable guideline to give respect our own culture and to be a wholesome Bangladeshi.1.5 Objectives of the studyThe main objective of this study is to focus on the impact of western culture based on different age level and build up the awareness about the negative sides among Bangladeshi people.According to our objectives we have decided that we will give our full attention and also we will be very active and patience to survey our research. In this way, we can fulfill our research successfully with a bunch of information.2. Research MethodFor conducting our research, we implement research methods that directly related to our topic which betokens the core information about a research and explains how that information is correlated. In our research method we include study material, info collection method and data analysis method which help to go our research result and discussion section. For this part we will fulfill some specific requirements, Describe procedure as completely as possible so that someone cant duplicate it completely Define sample and characteristics, which is consistent throughout the test. List the variables used these are what change, or manipulate, throughout the test. filter out to precise criticism which energy arise from readers mind.2.1. Study MaterialsIn this part, we consider study materials from people thought. Thats why, we define sample into three categorized way and t aking out specific data from different age class people. Three age class Age 18-30 (class 1) Age 31-45(class 2) and Age 45+ (class 3) For doing this part effectively we collect data from different age level and clarify about the variation of their thoughts about western culture beside Bangladeshi culture. Class 1 Most of the Class 1 people are student and some of them are service holder. It is very much easy to clarify their thoughts into short extent of time. Class 2 In our class 2, most of the people are service holder and they are in middle age. Class 3 last last group is class 3 and people are no more in their job or involved in other social activities, basically people are staying with their family, but still we found that some them are even also involved with their job.2.2. Methods of Collection DataData collection process is crucial process in research report, if the process is biased or incomplete then its very difficult to analyze the data and it decreases quality of repo rt. For our research purpose we get information from both two type of data collection source one is primary data and another one is secondary data. Primary data Primary data indicates the core information about the topic and data tranquil from field survey work. There are different types of survey like,We make a structured questionnaire, which has been attached in the Appendix- 1 of this paper. This questionnaire is for three age level people and we give it to them like who is mostly able to read and understand what we are really wants. In this survey types, responder give their opinion about our topic in pen and multiple choice form. For this part we take total sixty samples (each class 20 samples) as our core requirement.2.3. Methods of Analyzing DataIn this part we analyze the collected data from our survey- questionnaire. Here, we represent those data by graph, chart and table which is called frequency counting data. However, in case of qualitative data we take observation me thod. We collect our samples and put it them into a quantitative form so that we represents it as a percentage form.3. Result, Discussion & FindingsTo complete this part we consider several item to footfall our determine information. All we know that cultural issue is very diverse concept which contains many ideas that indicates different type of individual characteristics. So that here we show some of those issue that indicate cultural aspect directly and by conducting a questionnaire survey we found some answer of specific data that might indicate and fulfill our main objectives.Due to presenting our result and discussion, we work with three different age scale of people which was define in earlier part and want to indicate the variation of privilegeence between each class. Here, we identify our final result in percentage form and firstly we collect carriage from responders, summate responders number (total sample 60) and make it as percentage form indicates what percentage pe ople are positively responses our questions. After that add up all the heads percentage make it as average percentage point out how many people are positive about western culture. firstly we want to know from responders western culture in general way. By asking those responders give their individual opinion about general requirements. In the first part of questionnaire following heads are included. Table1 Western Culture in responders mind in generalDepending on above information we assume that by a simple calculation (average) of those data and show as it a percentage form. So that Bengali people now think about western culture from basic perspective approximately 39%. It means that they are positively given their opinion regarding western culture in our culture. And other way 61% responders gave non- positive responses which indicate might they prefer positive as Bengali culture.In different region different kind of cultural views and life style are followed. It seems to if one co untrys positive thought is appreciate it might the negative for another country. So that we collect sample in a way that really Bengali people are absorbing WC day by day. Table2 Views and lifestyle preference in responders mindSources A survey conducted for this research in July, 2010This table indicates four different view of western culture in our people. We select this heads to find out how many people advisedly or unintentionally belief WC views and lifestyle. Firstly in class1 60%, class2 30% and class3 25%, and also in total sample 38% people prefer nuclear family rather extended family, where most of WS has nuclear family. other most important in our marriage system which one we prefer, from our cultural view mostly prefer arrange marriage. But in our survey class1 60%, class2 70% and class3 20%, and also in total sample 50% people are appearance with love or affair marriage. Similarly class1 80%, class2 90% and class3 90%, and also in total sample 87% people support with husband and wife have to live together. And also class1 55%, class2 35% and class3 10%, and also in total sample 34% people usually celebrate western festival beside their own one. Graph.B Views and lifestyle preference in responders mindNow here we represent a chart indicate 52% people are support western culture values and fixing up in their mind. People are no more in our traditional culture by origin day by day it changes and will changes in next generation. And other way 48% responders gave non- positive responses which indicate might their belief in Bengali traditional value.Bangladeshi people are now a days changing their behavior and habit in food, dress and other activities also. Easily converted to western ideas some cases it makes a question mark in our ethical perspective also. We referred those western materials by like fast food is needed to minimize time consumption and also its comfortable for shot meal. Another thing, people like to wear western dress for fashion a nd for comfortable. Similarly now people are conscious about their health so that mostly younger are goes to gym even middle aged people also.Sources A survey conducted for this research in July, 2010Here in this table represents to how many people are preferred with western tests and habit. We indentify peoples individual test, preference and habit in their regular life. Representing four head define how many people positively response our concerns. Firstly in class1 30%, class2 0% and class3 0%, and also in total sample 10% people prefer fast food in their regular meal. Another thing is in class1 55%, class2 45% and class3 10%, and also in total sample 37% people prefer western dress in their dress code. In class1 50%, class2 60% and class3 85%, and also in total sample 65% people regularly maintain their phantasmal activities. And last one is in class1 75%, class2 25% and class3 15%, and also in total sample 38% people now people now think about going to gymnasium for physical f itness exercise. Individual classes graph and chart are enclosed in appendix part.Graph.C Personal tastes, preferences and habits of the respondents This chart indicates peoples day to day life that how many of them support western test and habit. Here we found there are 36% people are positively responds our specific questions and give their real interest on western culture by survey. And other way 64% responders gave non- positive responses which indicate might they prefer Bengali test and habit.From very beginning Bengali people might in some case restricted. Like people were not that much free or friendly with their parents. Another thing is mentally depends on parents and also relatives. But at present we see some positive idea which is really effective for us like easy relationship with parents, self dependency etc.Sources A survey conducted for this research in July, 2010This table shows that, in class1 70%, class2 65% and class3 50%, and also in total sample 62% people thin k very easy relationship with parents. Another thing is in class1 10%, class2 30% and class3 65%, and also in total sample 35% people prefer self dependency imputable to mentally support. And in class1 55%, class2 30% and class3 10%, and also in total sample 32% people like to enjoy any precedent with friends.Graph.D Relationships with parents, siblings and peer groups of the respondents Above graph shows responders relationship status between family, friends or siblings. Here we found 43% responders support of very easy relationship, self dependency and celebrate occasion with friends. And other hand 57% responders non- positively responds, meaning to say they prefer other status for their relationship, like not so easy relationship with parents, mentally depends on parents and also family belongingness.Finally we found that, people as responders now consider western culture. Approximately half of our total responders support with it. From the positive point of view day by day peo ple absorbing western cultural values, sometimes its brings a good for our society. But on the other hand it diminishing our own cultural vale which nobody wants, so that we have to concern our cultural issues as much as possible and which one is good we have to must take it and also avoid bad thing that brings imbalance in our culture. ObservationFor this research we need to take observation method for getting more information. By our observation, we found that, in case of Muslim family, an older woman embarrassed over and is desperately stressful to avoid eye contact in TV screen, blazing loud music on the popular music video channel, MTV. The inadequately dressed supporter introduces her top song for the week. A star celebrity dressed in so very little and exposed herself as much as possible. The old womans son is captive by what he sees. He pays no attention to his mother, young wife or even his own little son also. In this way, Children are involving some bad works which deri ved from western culture particularly from cable connection at their home. In some cases, young generation forget to respect their elder one.In our field survey, we observe that, boys and girls are very much interested on going to DJ company at different night club. And, sometimes they want to live together before marriage which is extremely prohibited by our culture. Boys are using Tattoos on their body also.The present scenario of Bangladeshi culture like as in this diagram we show that, western stuffs like shirt, pant, music and festivals are now mixing with Bengalis traditional stuffs.4. Limitation of studyTo conduct this research we had some limitations, first of all it should be mentioned that we are beginning level of researcher and the topic was controversial as it holds both positive and negative impact in our society according to peoples perception.As there was time limitation, we cannot collect sufficient data and samples relating to our topic which is very difficult st uff to fulfill the analyzing of samples. While working for this report we found there was not available data related with our topic to get assistance from the internet, books, articles, research papers to make a well furnished literature review and secondary sources. As a result, it took a lot of time to gather information from other sources.5. Conclusion and RecommendationEventually, it can be concluded that, this research has found a lot of significant issues that is Western culture is not a curse to our society but it can bring a lot of negative effects. We must understand that the young generations are the future image of our country. So, it is necessary to enlighten them about our own cultural values which will make our nation proud. In Bangladesh perspective, since it is the one of very few and one way concentration on the impact of western culture. I hope that this thesis contains the groundwork of further research, which whitethorn find useful tools considering the probable findings in the long run. No study has been done at before. However, for doing this research we used our best analysis and tried to make the research as full proof but due to short sample, we cannot recommend it as full proof. Thats why, we want to recommend for further adaptation as we believe that research is a never ending process.

Importance of Life

Lofe is imprtantBecause it is your one chance to do anything. You can use The center of animateness-time is to take care of our planet. To be hard working and take care God. To help forth in fixing communities thats what life is active you should not live only for fun but help others enjoy life too. A humanist would say we each make our own meaning by the way we live. The meaning is whatever meaning/purpose you care to assign to it or none at wholly. If you hand over a religion, you could find meaning there a particular philosophy, ditto. If youre a nihilist, you might conclude that there is no meaning at any.To understand the meaning of life we have to turn to the source, or creator. If you believe in such things, God. If he put us here, it was for a purpose. So He may be the only one able to provide us with the answer. Some people will acknowledge that everything we need to know about the purpose of life and about God himself is found in one book, the Bible. If you believ e in the Bible, the meaning of life is in Gods inspired words If anyone would seeded player after me, he must deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me.For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for me will save it. Luke 923. Ecclesiastes 1213 Fear God and obey His commandments for this is the whole duty of man. The irony in life these days is that, in order to find its meaning, you merely have to Google it. To tell you the truth, I dont think anyone knows the true(p) meaning of life. People say that the only way to know the true meaning of life is to live a full life with many near death experiences, then God tells you an instant after you have died.If you have a complex enough mind, and when God wants us to know, he will tell someone after they die and let that person be bring back to tell the rest of the human race. If that never happens then we will just have to live life with many questions and as best we can. Thats what God wan ts us to do. Thats one way to look at it. The meaning of life is to utilize our main driving force, curiosity, without which none of us would even exist. Discover and find out new things. Space travel, for example, will lead to great new discoveries including life near and far from us.The meaning of life is that we exist, that we are products of a force called creation, and that we should all support and affiliate with that force in every one of its manifestations. The difference between life and the inanimate is that life has consciousness. The Serenity Prayer God, grant me the quietness to accept the things I cannot change, courage to change the things I can, and wisdom to know the difference. all Christian should know the purpose of life is simple to serve God. Any Christian who doesnt know this needs to build up their relationship with God Hell show you all you need to know.Youre born, you breed, you die. Therefore the only meaning is to keep the species alive, all the other stuff is just to make it interesting. No one really knows the answer to this. Philosophers and religionists have been debating it for thousands of years. Lifes meaning is what it means to you What do you value in your life? Everyone has there own meaning and there own perception of life. Britannica says its the sequence of physical and mental you body and go to amazing places and see amazing things.Life is a once in a lifetime thing so if you dont enjoy it then you will have wasted the most brilliant thing on earth. Dictionary. com states the meaning of life is The property or quality that distinguishes living organisms from dead organisms and inanimate matter, manifested in functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli or adaptation to the environment originating from within the organism. I believe its the beauty of Gods creation. The meaning of life is to make life meaningful.

Software Engineering

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PROJECT I invention The goal of this paper is to analyze about leash study package pops namely The capital of the United Kingdom Ambulance arranging The practical(prenominal) Case File The Automatic baggage clay By analyzing these software get winds and the software applied science conventions followed, the key factors responsible for the software acoustic proletariations ill luck can be chthonianstood. Each of these projects has failed miserable as they didnt follow befitting software design principles. In this term paper the following projects lose been canvas and reason for their failures are identified.Fin solelyy there is a comparison kill all(prenominal) the three software projects studied. The methodology followed in writing this term paper is reading the following reference materials accessible in the net income and extracting the key points for the failures of the software projects. The papers referenced for writing the follow ing term paper are 1. H. Goldstein. Who Killed the Virtual Case File? IEEE Spectrum, Sept. 2005, pp. 2435. 2. Statement of Glenn A. Fine, Inspector General, US Dept. of Justice, 27 July 2005. 3. A.Finkelstein and J. Dowell. A Comedy of Errors the London Ambulance Service Case Study. 4. Report of the interrogation into the London Ambulance Service (February 1993), by A. Finkelstein, 5. Richard de Neufville. The Baggage schema at Denver Prospects and Lessons, daybook of Air 6. Barry Shore. Systematic Biases and Culture in run into Failures, Project Management ledger CONCLUSION The conclusion after studying these three papers, for whatever software projects the bang-up principles of software engineering should be followed. The software development process should be right on planned with achievable and realistic dead capers. both the three projects had short intend with unrealistic deadlines. Great splendor should be given(p) to the sine qua nons gathering frame and it s hould not be changed during the middle of the development Developers should develop the projects with proper cryptanalysis standards so that there is no issue during the integration of different modules. Time critical projects should require critical and solid reasoning as well as good anticipation of problems and perform risk fore melodic theme. The schedule of the software projects should receive good portion of succession in testing the software product real. Finally, as far as accomplishable keep the complicatedity of the governing body to manageable levels and tested stif move. LONDON AMBULANCE SYSTEM In October 1992 the Computer aid Despatch (CAD) formation unquestionable by Systems Options was deployed for the London Ambulance System (LAS). The goal of the software governing body was to automatize the process of the ambulance service for the London Ambulance System (LAS) in the city of London, United Kingdom.The implemented project was a major failure repaya ble to variety of factors. The Each component of good state of the art has been ignored, each guideline of the Software engineering has ignored by the worry and authorities neglected basic management principles. The hold outing of the LAS can be summarized as the frame gets request by phone calls and sends ambulance storyd on spirit, availability of resources. The self-moving vehicle locating arrangement (AVLS) and mobile data terminals (MDT) was utilize to perform automatic communication with ambulances. whatever of the major reasons for the failure of the London ambulance form can be stated as The deadline given for the completion of the project was six months. The project of such big magnitude cannot be completed inside a small deadline. The software was not undecomposedy developed and broken. The individual modules were tested, but the software was not tested unspoilty as a integrated system. The resilience of the hardware under a full load condition had not been tested out front the deployment of the software. The flash cut over strategy was used to implement the system which was a game risk and more thanover it didnt study any reinforcement systems to revert on failure. Inappropriate and unjustified assumptions were do during the specification process of the project. Some of the few assumptions that were make are ? Complete accuracy and dependableness of the hardware system. ? Perfect location and status study. ? Cooperation of all operators and ambulance confederacy members. leave out of consultation with the prospective users of the system and subject matter experts. The Software requirement specification was similarly prescriptive, incomplete and not formally signed off. The London Ambulance system underestimated the difficulties involved in the project during the project blastoff descriptor. Inadequate staff training. The crew members were not full trained on the operation of the smart software and their prior experi ence was not used in the newly developed software. The Report of the Inquiry into the London Ambulance Service by Anthony Finkelstein also gives us more information about the failure of the system. Some of the are listed below as follows It states that the CAD system implemented in 1992 was over ambitious and was developed and implemented against an impossible timetable. In addition, the LAS Committee got the vilify impression, that the software annunciationor had prior experience in emergency systems this was misleading in awarding the contract to systems options. Project management throughout the development and performance process was inadequate and at clock ambiguous. A major project like this requires a full time, professional, experience project management which was lacking. The computer system did not fail in a technological sense, the increase in calls on October 26 and 27 1992 was due to unidentified duplicate calls and call adventures from the earth in response to ambulance delays. On 4th November 1992 the system did fail. This was caused by a minor programming wrongdoing that caused the system to crash. VIRTUAL CASE FILE SYSTEM The primary goal of the Virtual cause file (VCF) system was to automatize the process of FBI paper based work environment, allow agents and intelligence analysts to make out vital investigative information, and replace the obsolete Automated Case Support (ACS) system.In ACS tremendous time is conk in processing paperwork, faxing and Fedexing standardized memo. Virtual case file (VCF) system was aimed at centralizing the IT operations and removes the redundancy present in various databases across the FBI system. In September 2000 the FBI Information technology boost project was underway. It was divided into three assorts. The Information Presentation Component The Transportation Network Component exploiter Application Component The first part involved distribution of new Dell computers, scanners, printers and servers.The second part would provide secure wide area networks, allowing agents to share information with their supervisors and each other. The third part is the virtual(prenominal) case file. The Virtual Case File system project was awarded to a US government contractor, experience Applications external Corporation (SAIC). The FBI used damage plus award fee contracts. This project was of great importance because the FBI lacked the ability to know what it knew there was no effective mechanism for capturing or sharing its institutional knowledge. This project was initially led by former IBM Executive Bob E. Dies. On 3th December 2003, SAIC delivered the VCF to FBI, whole to have it declared dead on arrival. The major reasons for the failure of the VCF system can be summarized as The project lacked clearly defined schedules and proper deadlines, there was no formal project schedules outlined for the project and poor communication amidst development groups that was dividing into eight teams to speed up the project completion. The software engineering principle of reusing the live components was ignored. SAIC was developing a E mail like system even though FBI was already using an off the shelf software package. The deployment strategy followed in implementing the system was flash -cutover. It is a gaga way a deploying a system as the system would be changed in a wholeness shot. The project violated the first rule of software planning of keeping it simple. The requirement document was so exhaustive that rather of describing the function what it should perform it also stated how the functions should be implemented. Developers coded the module to make individuals features work but were not concerned about the integration of the whole system together.There was no coding standards followed and hence there was difficulty in the integration process. The design requirement were poorly designed and kept on constantly ever-changing through the devel opment phase. The high level documents including the system architecture and system requirements were incomplete complete nor consistent. Lack of plan to guide hardware purchases, network deployments, and software development. Appointment of person with no prior experience in management to manage a critical project such as this was grave mistake, appointment of Depew as VCF project manager. Project lacked transparency in the work within the SAIC and among SAIC and the FBI. Infrastructure including both the hardware and network was not in place to test good the developed virtual case file system by SAIC which was essentially needed for flash cut off deployment. The requirement and design documentation were incomplete, imprecise, requirement and design tracings have gaps and the maintenance of software was costlier. According to the declare by Harry Goldstein, there was 17 functional deficiencies in the deployed Virtual Case File System.It didnt have the ability to search for individuals by specialty and job title. All these above factors contributed to the failure of the Virtual Case File System which wasted a lot of public tax payers money. self-acting BAGGAGE SYSTEM The automatic luggage system designed for the Denver internationalistic Airport is a classic example of a software failure system in the 1990s. With a greater airdrome capacity, the city of Denver wanted to construct the state of art automatic baggage handling system. application a land area of 140 square kilometer the Denver airdrome has 88 airport gates with 3 masss.The fully automated baggage system was unique in its complexity because of the immense size of the airport and its novel technology. The three other airports that have such systems are the San Francisco International Airport, International airport in Frankfurt and the Franz Joseph Strauss Airport in Munich. This project is far more complex than any other projects, because it has 12 times as many carts as in exiting comparable system . The contract for this automatic baggage system was given to BAE automated systems. In 1995 after many delays, the baggage system project was deployed, which was a major failure.The baggage carts derailed, luggage was torn and the system completely failed. But the system was redesigned with lesser complexity and opened 16 months later. GOALS OF THE PROJECT The system calls for replacing the traditional slow conveyor belts with telecars that roll freely on underground leashs. It was designed to carry up to 70 bags per minute to and from baggage check-in and checkout at speed up to 24 air miles/hour. This would allow the airlines to receive checked baggage at their aircraft within 20 minutes. The automatic baggage system was a critical because the aircraft turnaround time was to be reduced to as little as 30 minutes.The faster turnaround time meant more quickly the operations and it increases the productivity. The installers are quoted has having planned a design that leave allow baggage to be transported anywhere within the terminal within 10 minutes. PROJECT SCOPE The International airport at Denver three conferences and initially it aimed at automating all the three concourses. But later the concourse B was alone designed to be made automatic. The project was later redefined to handle only outbound baggage. It does not deal with the transfer of bags. STAKE HOLDERSThe major stake holders in the project can be identified as The Denver International Airport Management. The BAE Automated Systems. The Airline Management. The project blastoff fit to Robertson & Robertson states that during this phase it has to identify all the stakeholders and ask their inputs for the requirements. In the ABS System the Airline Management was not made to involve in the blastoff meetings to provide their inputs and excluded from the discussions. As well as the risk should be examine properly during the blast off which was also a draw back in this system .This was a finished example of failure to perform risk management. The cost estimation of the project was incorrect as it exceeded the estimated cost during the development. So, Aspects in which the project blastoffs were not addressed can be summarized as follows The underestimation of complexity poor stakeholder management Poor Design Failure to perform risk management There were only three fervent working session to discuss the scope of the project and the agreement between the airport management and BAE automated systems.Although BAE automated systems had been working in the construction of the baggage system in concourse B for United Airlines, the three working session is not sufficient to see all the requirements for the construction of the automate baggage systems. This shows clearly a poor software engineering principle because requirements are the key base factors for the project to be built upon. Reports indicate that the two division deadline for the constructio n of the automatic baggage system is inadequate. The reports that showed that project required more than two years are as follows The complexity was too high for the system to be built successfully by The Baggage System at Denver Prospects and Lesson Dr. R. de Neufville Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol. 1,No. 4, Dec, pp. 229-236,1994 None of the bidders quoted to finish the project within two years. Experts from Munich airport advised that a overmuch simpler system had taken two full years to complete and it was system tested well six months before the opening of the Munich airport. Despite all this information the decision to continue with a project was not based on the sound engineering principles.ABS exigency DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION The Automatic Baggage System constructed by the Airport Management was a decision taken two years before the opening of the new Denver International Airport. Initially the concourse B meant for United Airlines was supposed to be constr ucted by the BAE Automated Systems and all other airlines had to construct their own baggage handling mechanism. Later the business was taken by the Denver Airport Management to construct the Automatic Baggage System.The integrated nature of the ABS system meant that airport looks after its own facility and has a central control. The BAE plan to construct for the concourse B was expanded to the other three concourses which was a major change in the strategy of the airport construction. Moreover the airport management believed that an automated baggage system would be more cost effective than manual system given the size of the massive airport. During the development phase the requirements kept on changing which added additional complexity to the project. Though in the contract there was learly statement no change in requirement would be accommodated, they accepted the changes to meet the stakeholder needs. For example the addition of the ski equipment racks and the addition of main tenance track to allow carts to be serviced without being removed from the rails and able to handle oversized baggage. The baggage system and the airport building shared physical space and services such as the electrical supply. therefrom the designers of the physical building and the designers of the baggage system needed to work as one integrated team with lot of interdependency.Since the construction of the airport was started initially the building designers made general allowances in the place where they thought the baggage system would come into place. Hence the designers of the automatic baggage system have to work with the constraints that have already been placed. For example sharp turns were supposed to be made due to the constraints placed and these were one of the major factors for the bags to be ejected from the carts. The design of the automatic baggage system Systematic Biases and Culture in Project Failures, a Project Management Journal is as follows. Luggage was to be first loaded onto the conveyor belts, much as it is in conventional baggage handling system. These conveyors would then deposit the luggage in the carts that were controlled by computers. The luggage would travel at 17 miles per hour to its destinations, as much as one mile away. The automatic baggage system would include around 4000 baggage carts travelling throughout the airport under the control of 100 computers with processing power up to 1400 bags per minute. However the design with the above architecture failed as it was not able to handle versatile load.It was also suffering from various problems they are identified as The software was sending carts out at the wrong times, causing jams and in many cases sending carts to the wrong locations. The baggage system continued to unload bags even though they were jammed on the conveyor belt. The fully automated system whitethorn never be able to deliver bags consistently within the times and at the capacity originally prom ised. In another case the bags from the aircraft can only be drop and loaded into the unloading conveyor belt is moving, this belt moves only when there are empty carts.Empty carts will only arrive after they have deposited previous loads this is a cascade of queues. Achieving high reliability also depends on the mechanical and the computers that controlled the baggage carts reliability. Errors may occur during reading or transmitting information about the destinations. There may be various scenarios during which these errors can take place. Some of them are listed as below. 1. The baggage handler may place the bag on the conveyor with the set hidden. 2. The baggage may have two labels on it. one from the previous flight. 3. The labels may be mutilated or dirty. . The label may not lie in the direction of the view of the laser reader. 5. The laser may give out or the laser guns stop reading the labels. The reading of information is vital in the automatic baggage system since t he whole system is dependent on the information transmitted from reading of the labels and this information must(prenominal) be transmitted by radio to devices on each of the baggage carts. There is no available evidence of effective alternative testing of the capability of the system to provide reliable delivery to all destinations under variable patterns of load.This variable demand made in the system is famously called as the line balancing problem. That is, it is crucial to control the capacity of the system so that all lines of flow have equilibrize service. This problem can be subjugateed by eliminating situations where some lines get little or no service, to avoid the possibility that some connections simply do not function or in other actors line control the emptiness. This failure also was because the entire system was developed within a two year deadline and hence the automatic baggage system was not testing completely with variable loads.Lack of testing also is a maj or reason for this failure. These all are the major factors that led to the failure of the automatic baggage system in Denver international airport. Subsequently a much less complex system was design and implemented sixteen months later. This newly designed system had the following functionality as follows Serve only one concourse, the concourse B for United Airlines. Operate on half the planned capacity on each track. Handle only outbound baggage at the start. Not deal with transfer bags. likeness OF ABS, VCF and LAS PROJECTS All the management teams of the three projects wanted the software system to be built quickly without winning into consideration of the system requirement. Hence all the system had unrealistic deadline to be met. Because of these unrealistic deadlines the system didnt follow proper software engineering standards and principles. In all the three projects during the project blastoff phase the requirements gathering activity was not proper and incomplete , due to which the requirements kept on changing during the development phase. Lack of consultation with the stake holders and prospective users. All the three projects Software requirement specification was excessively prescriptive, incomplete and not formally signed off. All the three systems were not properly tested before deployment due to lack of time and tight schedules. The timeline was not reasonable for any of the projects. There was poor communication between the developers, customers and the clients in all the projects. The identification of the stake holders and collecting requirements from the stake holders and subject matter experts was not proper and incomplete. ASPECTS ABS VCF LAS DEPLOYMENT STRATEGY It was deployed in a single phase puffiness Cutover strategy was used inFlash Cutover strategy was used with a major failure of the replacing the ACS System in replacing the existing System system PROJECT SCHEDULE/DEADLINE Had a very tight schedule of two ov er ambitious schedule Had a very tight deadline, two years to implement years(1990 1992) PROJECT preparedness Poor Planning, The system was Poor Planning and constantly Good Engineering practice were decided to be developed two yearschanging milestones Ignored before the completion of the airport SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION Kept on changing to meet the Slowly changing design On the fly code changes and needs of the stake holders requirements requirement changes PROJECT BLASTOFF There was only three intense The project blastoff phase didnt It left out the view of the session to collect the collect all the requirements customers and subject matter requirements which is inadequate properly experts REUSABLITY This system didnt have any back They already had e-mail like The existing communication up system to reuse system which could have been devises in the ambulance system reused but new mail system was written CODING/TESTING The system was no t tested with The software system followed the Backup dispatch system not tested variable load spiral developmental model and notand the overall software not tested as a whole system tested SYSTEM DESIGN The system design was too complexThe system was not base lined and The System design was incomplete kept on changing BUGS System was unable to detect bugs 59 issues and sub issues were 81 Know Bugs in the Deployed identified System ASSUMPTIONS/ It was dependent on computers No major assumptions were made in Perfect location information and dependence that controlled the baggage cars this project dependent on the MDT communications PERSONAL REFLECTION After reading all the three projects I now understand that development of software not necessary has to be coding the software properly but there are various aspects apart from coding like requirement gathering, risk analysis, testing. The requirements gather should plays a vital role in software development and it has to be properly made in consultation with all the stakeholders, customers of the software. Understanding the complexity of the software being developed. Proper planning and schedule of events for the development activities. Deadlines for the software development should be realistic and achievable Use of any of the software engineering models for the development like waterfall model, Bohms spiral model, incremental work flow model or agile software development. Last but not the least the software developed should be thoroughly tested for finding out flaws in the development and fixing them. REFERENCES 1. H. Goldstein. Who Killed the Virtual Case File? IEEE Spectrum, Sept. 2005, pp. 2435. 2. Statement of Glenn A. Fine, Inspector General, US Dept. of Justice, 27 July 2005. 3. A. Finkelstein and J. Dowell. A Comedy of Errors the London Ambulance Service Case Study. Proc. eighth Int.Workshop on Software Specification and Design (IWSSD96), pp. 24, Velen, Germany, 1996. 4. Report o f the Inquiry into the London Ambulance Service (February 1993), International Workshop on Software Specification and Design Case Study. Electronic Version Prepared by A. Finkelstein, with kind permission from the Communications Directorate, South West Thames Regional Health Authority. 5. Richard de Neufville. The Baggage System at Denver Prospects and Lessons, Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol. 1, No. 4, Dec. 1994, pp. 229236. 6. Barry Shore. Systematic Biases and Culture in Project Failures, Project Management Journal, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2008, pp. 516.