Nicotine, the Central Nervous System and Adrenal Medulla

An Australian Health Survey conducted in 2011-2012, concluded that 3.1 million Australians be smokers. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). This means that 14% of Australias population are currently smokers compared to to a greater extent than 40% in the 1980s a dramatic decrease with the hummer post continuing to nightfall each year. Now in that location are many factors that set up be considered for this drop much(prenominal) as the rise in prices or maybe little accessibility but other big factor is that its no longer seen in the same way socially like it was back in the 1980s. With more and more anti- grass products existence created it decreases the amount of smokers and Im going to go into more depth about that subsequent on in the presentation.\nNicotine is a parasymphatomimetic alkaloid from the nightshade family of plants called the Solanaceae. A Parasympathomimetic medicine is a drug or poison that acts by bear upon or mimicking the parasympathetic unquie t system. (Dorlands Medical Dictionary, 2013) Nicotine is also a nicotinic agonist. A nicotinic agonist is a drug that mimics the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NCRs) (Henningfield, 2006). Nicotine is administered orally. The system reacts as before long as Nicotine enters the body. Nicotine affects two antithetical areas of the body: the suprarenal gland gland myeline and the central nervous system.\nThe adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal gland found in the kidney. It has an impact on the bodys energy, heart lay and metabolism as it secretes hormones, much(prenominal) as adrenaline and dopamine. The kidney absorbs the Nicotine through the bloodstream which then enters the adrenal medulla. The Nicotine then binds with the nicotinic receptors which causes adrenaline to be released into the body; this causes common symptoms of smoking such as an improver in heart rate and blood pressure. \nDopamine is a hormone which is influenced by Nicoti ne in the body. Dopamine is related to our addiction,...